The defeat of the joints osteoarthritis) occurs for several reasons, but the consequences of the disease have significant adverse effects on the livelihood of the person. If it is considered that the osteoarthritis of the knee, then it should be noted that the disease refers to the most common form among all types of osteoarthritis. The proportion of diagnoses identified by sex shows that the frequency of osteoarthritis of the knee in patients of the female sex. The world statistics says that around 22% of the population of the Earth is sick knee osteoarthritis.
What are the reasons that may lead to osteoarthritis of the knee?
In the determination of the causes of osteoarthritis has required many years of the survey of the sick and the study of its clinical picture of the pathological process. The doctors indicated that under the influence of certain negative factors is the destruction of the cartilage, gets dressed and leaves to protect the joint. Occurs a friction between the heads of the joint that causes the pain syndrome and inflammation. Therefore, we have installed the main reasons that lead to the destruction of the cartilage tissue:
- Injuries in the knee. If the man at any period of his life suffered a fracture or dislocation of the knee, which enters in group of risk and, subsequently, you can get the osteoarthritis). If it is damaged the joint it hinders your movement, and the therapy it provides for the fixation. Much to find in the silence leads to disruption of the blood flow, which contributes to the formation of osteoarthritis.
- An injury to the meniscus. One of the most dangerous of the causes. Any damage to this organ of the knee joint invariably leads to the formation of osteoarthritis.
- Heavy physical loading. Special care must treat the moderate to vigorous physical load on the knee joint for older people. A strong pressure on the knee, which decrease with age, can cause microtrauma, which does not manifest itself immediately, but then leads to the formation of the negative of the process of destruction of the cartilage. After 40 years there are to take care of the knees and approach to the practice of sports and difficult situations of reasonable work, reducing their number. Forget the exercises, such as bending over or running on the asphalt.
- The weakness of the structure of the ligaments. As a general rule, leads to the wave of the mobility of the joint. Pleasant in the youth of the flexibility of the body in old age will affect the state of the knee and will lead to the appearance of knee osteoarthritis.
- Other diseases of the joints. If the man, for example, is detected, the arthritis, the time can be transformed into a osteoarthritis.
- A large amount of weight. Excess weight increases the pressure on the knee, it is possible the occurrence of injury in the meniscus. When the excess weight the situation worsens, develops osteoarthritis. If a person with a weight of present varicose veins, can develop very severe of knee osteoarthritis.
- Problems with the exchange of substances. Failures in the exchange of substances that cause the wrong entry of the required elements in the tissue. The cartilage and bone, lack of calcium, which leads to destruction, and the weakening of your structure.
- Stress and nervous tension. Frequent anxiety and the suffering have its negative impact on the functioning of the joints. Emotionally, women are more exposed to situations of stress. Especially difficult to tolerate nerve of the surge of the woman, whose age is close to 50, when it begins the period of the menopause.
Characteristics degree of knee osteoarthritis
In medicine it is accepted to divide the osteoarthritis of the knee joints in the degree of their evolution. In addition, by the volume of the defeat of the disease may be bilateral or unilateral. A face knee osteoarthritis subdivided into right-wing and left-wing. More information about the disease of a specialist in this video:
For each grade of the disease is made up the clinical picture that shows the weight of its development.
The first degree of the
Identify osteoarthritis of the knee 1 degree – it is fortunate for the doctor and the patient. The disease at this stage does not have powerful clinical signs. The disease can be diagnosed at the time of check-ups or the study of another disease.
The second degree of
In the symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee grade 2 there are new signs of the disease. The intensity of the pain syndrome and stiffness in the area of the knee is intensified. The muscles in the affected area is stunted by the fact that the man begins to care for the sick of the leg, the less of your load. Begins the deformation of the joint, in that you can't straighten the knee. On palpation, the specialist detects abnormalities of the education. It gradually develops the deformation of the joint. The knee bad bend open.
Third grade
Osteoarthritis of the knee grade 3 gives awareness of a persistent pain. The deformation reaches the critical mass, in which the leg stops to bend and stretch, the man becomes difficult to walk on, until the complete immobility of the leg. In the absence of an adequate treatment in the affected joint develops bony. The tissue of the cartilage is totally destroyed, the friction of the joints intensifies. There comes a situation in which the osteoarthritis of the knee, the operation becomes the only effective form of treatment.
The characteristic symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee
To determine the presence of knee osteoarthritis is able to specialist, but for the patient it is important to know the main for osteoarthritis of the knee the symptoms. That the disease is characterized by the following symptoms:
- Pain syndrome. Pain in the knee with osteoarthritis does not appear immediately. Minor manifestations may disturb the person for several years. Then occurs the amplification of the pain did not cease and in a state of kiss of the wind, necessarily occur after a long walk.
- The crunch.In 2 and in 3 stages clearly heard a cracking sound in the knee.
- The synovitis. The accumulation of fluid in the affected knee joint leads to the appearance of edema in the knee with osteoarthritis, doctors call it a baker's cyst.
- The deformation of the joint of the knee.Appears at a later stage of the disease. Accompanied by inflammatory process and swelling.
How is a diagnosis of osteoarthritis of the knee?
The main medical diagnostic tool that works in standard clinical practice, it serves, x-ray examination of the patient. With the help of the x-ray, the expert can see the degree of development of the pathological process. In addition, an x-ray helps to exclude possible causes of shameful sensations of tumors and other diseases.
In the initial stage of knee osteoarthritis is manifested weakly, in the picture there are no significant changes. To settle on the diagnosis, the doctor may assign back to the research through a certain period of time. During the development of the disease x-ray shows narrowing of the joint cleft, identifies the seal in the subchondral area of the joint. It is important to take into account the fact that for patients over the age are characteristic changes in the joints, but always these changes lead to the development of the pathology is. Only the combination of the signs of knee osteoarthritis, visible in the image, and expresses the clinical symptoms that allow the specialist to verify the presence of the person of the osteoarthritis of the knee.
Progressive forms of treatment of the disease
jpg class='imgblock right center_mob'>Modern medicine is constantly on the lookout for, as osteoarthritis of the knee treated effectively, and finding new ways to combat the dangerous disease. Today we offer to patients, such as techniques of ozone therapy and kinesitherapy.
Ozone therapy is a treatment of the affected joint the ozone layer. Refers to the physical and allows you to enter ozonated injectable drugs in the muscle tissues. Acts anti-inflammatory and bezbolevaya, helps efficiently to improve the blood flow to a problem area. The method has no contraindications.
Kinesitherapy is a complex of special exercises to improve the mobility of the joint, increasing the blood flow in the patient, the place, the recovery of the affected tissue cartilage and the elasticity of the ligaments. To perform the exercises using special equipment. In the work includes not only the affected joint, but also all the systems of the body, allowing you to bring in the best state in the body of the patient.
Physiotherapy in osteoarthritis of knee
The effectiveness of physiotherapy exercises in osteoarthritis of the knee demonstrated many years of implementation and feedback from the patients, thanks to the physical therapy has retained the motor function of the limb. Of course, developed by the exercise should be an integral part of the treatment of the disease. As if it is not occupied, without the use of medication and physical therapy to achieve complete changes in best impossible. The main principle of the physical therapy: none of the above, the pressures in the joint ill, only with urgency and calmness of the movement. The house you can perform a simple exercise, improves blood circulation and helps to relieve the spasm of the muscles. There is to go to the back, lifting, grinding the leg and have on hand for a few seconds. It is useful to simply raise the legs alternatively, being in the same position.
The specificity of massage on knee osteoarthritis
A useful complement to the healing of the tactic serves massage the knee with osteoarthritis. Even the experienced specialists believe that massage is mandatory in the treatment of this disease. If you're going to do a massage on the knee with arthrosis in the home, you must follow certain rules. Before you begin with the massage right hot in the knee. For this purpose it may make good bathroom or have the knee joint under the hot shower, but abuse of procedure should not be. For the effectiveness of the massage should be carried out every day, spending 10-15 minutes in a single session. In the massage, when knee osteoarthritis includes three main elements of the methodology: the rubbing, kneading and Swedish. The movement is repeated 3 and 6 times more. If you have a pain of a knee, massage and healthy limb.
Medicinal of the methodology of osteoarthritis of the main professionals
The problem of an effective treatment for knee osteoarthritis is dealing with many scientists and medical doctors. Some of them have already achieved significant results in the fight against the dangerous disease. In our country, special attention should be given to the methodology of the doctor Bubnovsky and physician-rheumatologist Evdokimenko.
The Method Of Bubnovsky
The doctor of medical sciences S. M. Bubnovsky, has developed unique therapy of the complex, which refused drugs and surgery. The starting point of his method was the factor that when osteoarthritis occurs the reduction of the formulation of synovial fluid. When you lose the lubrication of the joint stops working properly. The tactic of treatment of Bubnovsky involves the use of physiotherapy and kinesitherapy. The selection of the exercises and of the procedures to be performed individually, the doctor focuses on the patient's health status and the extent of the disease. Having studied the x-rays, the physician will order the therapy plan. In terms of state-a physical of the patient assigned to the gentle exercise. With time, they become more complex, and, meeting with regularity, the patient can expect the following results:
- the normalization of the power of cartilage and bone tissues;
- the disappearance of the pain
- the improvement of the cell structure in the cartilage tissue;
- full recovery of the mobility opportunities of the knee.
In addition, the doctor Bubnovsky gives additional recommendations. The specialist advises the sick knee osteoarthritis to actively swim, attends courses of therapeutic massage, visit the steam bath. To relieve the pain syndrome can be taken with contrast shower or apply to the sick of the tribe of compresses of cold water.
The Method Of Evdokimenko
The doctor rheumatologist Evdokimenko your approach in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. In his methodology uses two components: the drugs and physiotherapy.
When knee osteoarthritis Evdokimenko uses a variety of medications, including:
- non-steroidal tools to remove the pain and inflammation;
- guided intra-articular injection, capable of quickly cutting the discomfort which are produced in the articulation of the pathological processes;
- chondroprotectors, of the components that restores the cartilage fabric;
- analgesic gels, ointments and creams;
- packs.
For the strengthening of the action of drugs and the impact on the focus of the defeat of Evdokimenko offers a physiotherapy practice a curative treatment of the gym and use the techniques of manipulative therapy. If it follows the methodology of the Evdokimenko, and begin treatment at an early stage, you can stop the process completely by 1 year. 2) the extent of the disease, it will require several years to put the joint in the standard and to restore its natural mobility. The methodology Evdokimenko is not used in the treatment 3 degree of osteoarthritis. The doctor is not without reason, asserts that, with this stage, the patient shows a surgical intervention. In the number of specific recommendations Evdokimenko enters the council to follow a diet and to balance your diet, to improve metabolism and help the tissues of the cartilage and joint to receive all the useful items.
How to build the power when knee osteoarthritis?
The task of the patient with overweight and build your diet, for products of low calorie content and rich set of useful substances. A strong rejection of the food by a fasting help you lose weight quickly, but he himself creates a situation of stress for the body and can worsen the situation.
Estimated daily menu when knee osteoarthritis might look like this:
- Breakfast. The oatmeal in the water (without salt and sugar), 1 hard-boiled egg and a glass of fruit juice.
- The second breakfast. 1 cup of low-fat yogurt (natural).
- Lunch. Stew of vegetables with a piece of meat or fish lean varieties. Without sugar tea.
- The tea of the afternoon. Cheese casserole. A handful of nuts and 1 glass of fruit juice.
- Dinner. Vegetable salad, apple, sugar-free tea.
- The second dinner. 1 glass of 1% milk or skim milk yogurt.
The lunch hour have way to you, but the last receipt should be no later than 19 hours of the afternoon.
Prevention of osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is a difficult and dangerous disease, capable of changing your life in the worst. The treatment of the disease takes a long time, requires the patient to beach patience and certain limitations on the eating habits and nutrition. If you ever want to deal with these problems, protect your knees with the young age